Recent staff accomplishments

Read the latest on our work and find out who just celebrated 10 years at CEED!

Margarita Milenova
Margarita Milenova

In April, Program Quality Specialist Margarita Milenova, PhD, celebrated 10 years and Research Associate Alyssa Meuwissen, PhD, celebrated five years working at CEED.

Training Specialist Melissa Donovan became an approved course writer through the Minnesota Department of Human Services (DHS). She wrote and submitted her first early childhood training course on self-care for child care providers in April.

Meuwissen completed data collection on a study of reflective professional development for child welfare workers. Funded by the Sauer Foundation, this project aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a reflective consultation-plus-training model. Meuwissen presented the project model as well as her research findings at the Minnesota Association for Children’s Mental Health-Minnesota Social Services Association conference in May. 

In June, CEED Director Ann Bailey, PhD, presented at the National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) Professionals Learning Institute in Portland, Oregon, along with colleagues Amy Dorman, MPP, from the Center for Advanced Studies in Child Welfare, and ICD graduate student Frederique Corcoran. The title of their presentation was “Access to Early Childhood Programming for Children in Foster Care.” 

The Minnesota Department of Human Services (DHS) awarded a contract to conduct Pre-K CLASS™ observations for programs participating in Parent Aware (Minnesota’s Quality Rating and Improvement System) to CEED. CEED’s Early Childhood Program Quality Team has been conducting these observations for the past 16 years. DHS also renewed their contract with CEED to implement the Trainer and RBPD Specialist Support (TARSS) program which  provides professional development for early childhood trainers and coaches.

“We’re co-learners asking questions together”: a Q & A with Implementation Specialist Molly Hughes

Meet Implementation Specialist Molly Hughes and learn about her work on observations and coaching for educators, trainers, and RBPD specialists.

Molly Hughes joined CEED in April 2023 and divides her efforts between our Early Childhood Program Quality work and the Trainer and RBPD Specialist Support (TARSS) program. In this Q & A, she shares her thoughts on the power of relationships to support learning and professional growth.

What is the educational or career path that brought you to CEED?

Molly Hughes

I studied biology for my undergraduate degree. After college, I nannied for a family with triplets. When the triplets went to preschool, I needed a new adventure so I started my own business as a family child care provider. I ran that program for 22 years. During that time, I earned my master’s in early childhood from Concordia University and I became a trainer as well. 

I closed my child care program because of competing responsibilities. Child care providers are sometimes in a position where they are not sure they can continue, often due to burnout. On the other hand, they are reluctant to step away because they know there is a severe shortage of care. For me, the tipping point came when I felt I could no longer be reliable for the families that my program served, because I occasionally had to close in order to care for elderly family members.

When this role opened at CEED, I knew it would be a good fit. I bring to the table decades of experience as a child care provider and trainer, so I can relate to and anticipate our audiences’ needs.

You mentioned becoming a trainer. Can you talk a little bit about what professional development looks like for child care providers?

Center-based and family child care providers are required to complete a certain amount of continuing education hours each year. Some trainings are fairly generic and cover important fundamentals, like active supervision, sudden unexpected infant death, and abusive head trauma. But beyond those basics, you are able to fill in your hours with things you choose. 

I lucked out in becoming a trainer at a time when a lot of Training-of-Trainers (TOT) opportunities were being offered. TOTs prepare trainers to offer courses from the Department of Human Services. I got a lot of those under my belt. Then I started writing my own courses and delving into other topics. COVID also meant less demand for in-person training. So I decided to tilt my focus more towards course writing and trying to support providers, especially those who have been in the field for decades and are looking for something new and different. 

What is your role at CEED?

My title is implementation specialist for the TARSS program. I also conduct CLASS™ observations and trainings and do field observations of Parent Aware coaches. I lead the trainer observation program for TARSS and co-lead our online learning community for RBPD specialists and our professional learning community for course writers. I gather data to determine the coaching needs for trainers and sometimes develop the content for those trainings. And I’m excited to say I’m organizing the TARSS Fall RBPD Retreat.

Those are a lot of different responsibilities! Is there a common thread that runs through them all?

The RBPD piece is the major common denominator.  Whether I’m conducting a CLASS observation and sharing feedback with an educator, helping trainers access observations and coaching, or facilitating our online community for RBPD specialists, I am supporting early childhood professionals in improving their practice. This approach to professional development really complements traditional trainings because we know that often deeper learning occurs within the context of relationship-based professional development to which the learner is personally committed. The benefits flow from our work at CEED and in the TARSS program to the trainers, course writers, and RBPD specialists, and from there they flow to the educators, and finally they affect children and families. And that’s our ultimate goal: to benefit children and families.

What do RBPD specialists or coaches do for child care providers? 

The goal of coaching for child care providers is to build a collaborative relationship that helps the provider choose an area that they want to develop. That could mean solving a problem. It could mean trying something new or gaining a new skill. The coach works with the provider to determine their goals and the area of growth they want to focus on. Then the coach supports them in figuring out how to get there.

Coaching is different from being a trainer conveying information to a trainee. The coach and the provider are sitting side-by-side. A coach doesn’t need to be the expert on everything–in fact, they can’t be. Instead, they have to be willing to dig in together with the provider as co-learners. A book I like on this subject is Coaching with Powerful Interactions. It gives key ideas about forming relationships, extending learning, and asking questions. Some of it feels very intuitive. These are definitely skills that coaches need to develop.

Research shows that coaching relationships can be more effective as professional development than training. Part of that is because once you’ve left a training, it’s on you to implement what you’ve learned. And although trainings can be inspiring, it’s not easy to retain that momentum on your own. With coaching, you decide what you want to change and improve. You have somebody to work with you, help you find resources, define action steps, listen to things that might get in the way of reaching your goals, help you problem-solve, and hold you accountable.

It really goes back to relationships. Think of teachers in your life who have made an impact on you. Often there is a solid relationship there. In my experience, the most effective training also makes use of relationships. People are often surprised to learn I am actually a shy introvert. I don’t like large groups; that’s not my jam. So, how am I up there, talking to a roomful of people? I can do it because to me, it’s a conversation. When I lead a training that becomes an authentic conversation, I come out of it full of energy. There’s that relationship thing again: connecting with people. 

What would you like people to know about training and coaching for child care providers?

It’s crucial. Ultimately, the importance of training and coaching circles back to parallel process. Parallel process is a concept from reflective supervision that captures how a supervisor’s relationship with a frontline provider can play out in that provider’s relationship with the children or families they work with. We have to educate the educators in order for them to effectively educate children. When we take an RBPD-style approach to professional development for child care providers, we’re saying, “We’re co-learners. We’re asking questions together.” Parallel process means that providers establish the same pattern with children: “We’re letting children have a voice in what they want to learn and asking about what’s meaningful to them.”

What do you do for fun?

I read, hike, knit, and donate my knitted blankets. I read a little bit of everything. If someone hands me a book and says, “You should read this,” I’ll give it a try. I’m currently reading A Man Called Ove, and I’m in the middle of Outlander

We love hiking in state parks and taking road trip vacations. The coolest was our trip to Washington and Oregon. We took two weeks and stopped and hiked every single day. My husband fishes, so over spring break we go to Kentucky which has really good state parks. Recently, we did six parks in three days. We did drive through Great Smoky Mountains National Park, but unfortunately it rained all day, and you couldn’t see the mountains. The ground was lovely, though!

Reflective Interaction Observation Scale (RIOS™)

The Reflective Interaction Observation Scale (RIOS™) was developed at CEED to identify the extent to which a reflective supervisory or consultation session demonstrates a reflective process grounded in infant mental health theory and principles. Learn about its use as a research tool and as a practical aid during reflective supervision sessions.

Reflective supervision* is a type of relationship-based professional development. It involves regular, ongoing support given by supervisors or consultants to increase the supervisee’s reflective capacity. Reflective supervision uses emotions as data to explore the network of relationships surrounding the supervisee and their clients. It integrates knowledge about a young child’s development with an understanding of the parent’s or caregiver’s needs. In addition, reflective supervision provides emotional support and increases the job skills and self-efficacy of supervisees.

Our free e-book, Reflective Supervision/Consultation: Preventing Burnout, Boosting Effectiveness, and Renewing Purpose for Frontline Workers, introduces reflective supervision. The e-book includes testimonials from professionals who have benefited from reflective supervision in their workplace. It also includes information on the Reflective Interaction Observation Scale (RIOS™) tool. For an in-depth look at the RIOS™ tool, RIOS™Guide for Reflective Supervision and Consultation in the Infant and Early Childhood Field, out now from Zero to Three, is an essential companion.

*Throughout this website, we refer to the provision of reflective support by either a reflective supervisor (within an organization) or a reflective consultant (from outside the organization) as reflective supervision.

RIOS™ research tool

The RIOS was developed at CEED to identify the extent to which a supervisory or consultation session demonstrates a reflective process grounded in infant mental health theory and principles. The RIOS is aligned with the competencies of the Endorsement for Culturally Sensitive, Relationship-Focused Practice Promoting Infant Mental Health® supported by the Alliance for the Advancement of Infant and Early Childhood Mental Health.

As a research tool, the RIOS is used to gain an understanding of a particular form of supervision and consultation that is based in developmental and attachment theory, trauma-informed practice, and the rapidly growing body of research exploring interpersonal neuroscience (Sroufe, 1996; Sroufe, Egeland, Carlson & Collins, 2005; Bowlby, 1969/1982; Siegel & Shamoon-Shahnook, 2010; Siegel, 2012).

The RIOS explores interactions between a supervisor and supervisee(s) engaged in direct service work. The tool allows us to describe the content and characteristics of the interactions between the supervisor and supervisee(s) at a given moment in time. The focus is not specifically on either the supervisor or supervisee(s), but rather on “the space between” the two: what the pair attends to and how they interact (Watson, Harrison, Hennes, & Harris, 2016). The process is not about judging either participant; it is about understanding what is at play in their work together.

The RIOS identifies the “active ingredients” in a reflective supervision session that set it apart from administrative supervision and other forms of relationship-based professional development, such as coaching, mentoring, and traditional clinical supervision. These active ingredients are organized as five Essential Elements:

  • Understanding the Family Story
  • Holding the Baby or Child in Mind
  • Professional Use of Self
  • Parallel Process
  • Reflective Alliance

The first four Elements focus on the content of the supervisory session. In addition, the first four Elements are evidenced by five distinctive reflective processes employed by the supervisor and supervisee during supervision. We refer to these processes as Collaborative Tasks:

  • Describing
  • Responding
  • Exploring
  • Linking
  • Integrating

Collaborative Tasks are identified by using Indicators for each of the Tasks. Indicators are specific, concrete examples of ways in which the supervisor and supervisee pay attention to the content of the conversation. The fifth Element, Reflective Alliance, is rated on a 5-point global scale that describes the ways in which the pair’s interactions are unique to reflective supervision in infant mental health practice.

We provide RIOS coding services for research or evaluation projects at universities and other organizations. We also train coders to reliability for research and evaluation projects. RIOS coders are trained to reliability using sample recordings of reflective sessions and feedback from our staff.

Get in touch with Meredith Reese at mreese@umn.edu to discuss how RPC can help with your research and evaluation projects.

RIOS practice framework

Shortly after the RIOS was developed as a research tool, supervisors and consultants began using the tool to train others in reflective supervision and as a practice tool to guide reflective work in all early childhood disciplines. The RIOS brings the rich understanding of reflection derived from clinical practice into a coherent framework for reflective practice. It is featured in the Best Practice Guidelines for Reflective Supervision/Consultation published by the Alliance for the Advancement of Infant Mental Health.

CEED offers two online courses on the RIOS:

We also offer customized training for program staff in early education, home visiting, child welfare, and other disciplines.

Get in touch with Deborah Ottman at dottman@umn.edu to discuss professional development opportunities for your organization.

The RIOS was developed in collaboration with representatives from member states of the Alliance for the Advancement of Infant Mental Health with professional organizations that have adopted the Infant Mental Health Endorsement system created by the Michigan Association for Infant Mental Health.